math
– mathematical functions
The math
module provides some basic mathematical functions for
working with floating-point numbers.
-
math.
e
:float
base of the natural logarithm
-
math.
pi
:float
the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter
-
math.
acos
(x: float) → float
Return the inverse cosine of x
.
-
math.
asin
(x: float) → float
Return the inverse sine of x
.
-
math.
atan
(x: float) → float
Return the inverse tangent of x
.
-
math.
atan2
(y: float, x: float) → float
Return the principal value of the inverse tangent of y/x
.
-
math.
ceil
(x: float) → int
Return an integer, being x
rounded towards positive infinity.
-
math.
copysign
(x: float, y: float) → float
Return x
with the sign of y
.
-
math.
cos
(x: float) → float
Return the cosine of x
.
-
math.
degrees
(x: float) → float
Return radians x
converted to degrees.
-
math.
exp
(x: float) → float
Return the exponential of x
.
-
math.
fabs
(x: float) → float
Return the absolute value of x
.
-
math.
floor
(x: float) → int
Return an integer, being x
rounded towards negative infinity.
-
math.
fmod
(x: float, y: float) → int
Return the remainder of x/y
.
-
math.
frexp
(x: float) → Tuple[int, int]
Decomposes a floating-point number into its mantissa and exponent.
The returned value is the tuple (m, e)
such that x == m * 2**e
exactly. If x == 0
then the function returns (0.0, 0)
, otherwise
the relation 0.5 <= abs(m) < 1
holds.
-
math.
isfinite
(x: float) → bool
Return True
if x
is finite.
-
math.
isinf
(x: float) → bool
Return True
if x
is infinite.
-
math.
isnan
(x: float) → bool
Return True
if x
is not-a-number
-
math.
ldexp
(x: float, exp: float) → float
Return x * (2**exp)
.
-
math.
modf
(x: float) → Tuple[float, float]
Return a tuple of two floats, being the fractional and integral parts of
x
. Both return values have the same sign as x
.
-
math.
pow
(x: float, y: float) → float
Returns x
to the power of y
.
-
math.
radians
(x: float) → float
Return degrees x
converted to radians.
-
math.
sin
(x: float) → float
Return the sine of x
.
-
math.
sqrt
(x: float) → float
Returns the square root of x
.
-
math.
tan
(x: float) → float
Return the tangent of x
.
-
math.
trunc
(x: float) → int
Return an integer, being x
rounded towards 0.
-
math.
expm1
(x: float) → float
Return exp(x) - 1
.
-
math.
log2
(x: float) → float
Return the base-2 logarithm of x
.
-
math.
log10
(x: float) → float
Return the base-10 logarithm of x
.
-
math.
cosh
(x: float) → float
Return the hyperbolic cosine of x
.
-
math.
sinh
(x: float) → float
Return the hyperbolic sine of x
.
-
math.
tanh
(x: float) → float
Return the hyperbolic tangent of x
.
-
math.
acosh
(x: float) → float
Return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x
.
-
math.
asinh
(x: float) → float
Return the inverse hyperbolic sine of x
.
-
math.
atanh
(x: float) → float
Return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x
.
-
math.
erf
(x: float) → float
Return the error function of x
.
-
math.
erfc
(x: float) → float
Return the complementary error function of x
.
-
math.
gamma
(x: float) → float
Return the gamma function of x
.
-
math.
lgamma
(x: float) → float
Return the natural logarithm of the gamma function of x
.